ExplorEnz: EC 1.14.19.59

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1.14.19.59

Accepted name:

tryptophan 6-halogenase

Reaction:

(1) L-tryptophan + FADH₂ + chloride + O₂ + H⁺ = 6-chloro-L-tryptophan + FAD + 2 H₂O
(2) D-tryptophan + FADH₂ + chloride + O₂ + H⁺ = 6-chloro-D-tryptophan + FAD + 2 H₂O

For diagram of chlorotryptophan biosynthesis, click here

Other name(s):

sttH (gene name); thdH (gene name)

Systematic name:

L-tryptophan:FADH₂ oxidoreductase (6-halogenating)

Comments:

The enzyme is a flavin-dependent halogenase that has been described from several bacterial species. It utilizes molecular oxygen to oxidize the FADH₂ cofactor, giving C4a-hydroperoxyflavin, which then reacts with chloride to produce a hypochlorite ion. The latter reacts with an active site lysine to generate a chloramine, which chlorinates the substrate. cf. EC 1.14.19.58, tryptophan 5-halogenase, and EC 1.14.19.9, tryptophan 7-halogenase.

Links to other databases:

BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc

References:

1.	Zeng, J. and Zhan, J. Characterization of a tryptophan 6-halogenase from Streptomyces toxytricini. Biotechnol. Lett. 33 (2011) 1607–1613. [DOI] [PMID: 21424165]
2.	Milbredt, D., Patallo, E.P. and van Pee, K.H. A tryptophan 6-halogenase and an amidotransferase are involved in thienodolin biosynthesis. ChemBioChem 15 (2014) 1011–1020. [DOI] [PMID: 24692213]
3.	Shepherd, S.A., Menon, B.R., Fisk, H., Struck, A.W., Levy, C., Leys, D. and Micklefield, J. A structure-guided switch in the regioselectivity of a tryptophan halogenase. ChemBioChem 17 (2016) 821–824. [DOI] [PMID: 26840773]

[EC 1.14.19.59 created 2018]