ExplorEnz: EC 3.1.4.60

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3.1.4.60

Accepted name:

pApA phosphodiesterase

Reaction:

5′-O-phosphonoadenylyl-(3′→5′)-adenosine + H₂O = 2 AMP

For diagram of cyclic di-3′,5′-adenylate biosynthesis and breakdown, click here

Other name(s):

pde2 (gene name); pApA hydrolase

Systematic name:

5′-O-phosphonoadenylyl-(3′→5′)-adenosine phosphohydrolase

Comments:

The enzyme, characterized from the Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, is a cytoplasmic protein that contains a DHH/DHHA₁ domain. It can act on cyclic di-3′,5′-adenylate with a much lower activity (cf. EC 3.1.4.59, cyclic-di-AMP phosphodiesterase). Activity requires Mn²⁺ and is inhibited by ppGpp.

Links to other databases:

BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc

References:

1.	Bai, Y., Yang, J., Eisele, L.E., Underwood, A.J., Koestler, B.J., Waters, C.M., Metzger, D.W. and Bai, G. Two DHH subfamily 1 proteins in Streptococcus pneumoniae possess cyclic di-AMP phosphodiesterase activity and affect bacterial growth and virulence. J. Bacteriol. 195 (2013) 5123–5132. [PMID: 24013631]
2.	Ye, M., Zhang, J.J., Fang, X., Lawlis, G.B., Troxell, B., Zhou, Y., Gomelsky, M., Lou, Y. and Yang, X.F. DhhP, a cyclic di-AMP phosphodiesterase of Borrelia burgdorferi, is essential for cell growth and virulence. Infect. Immun. 82 (2014) 1840–1849. [PMID: 24566626]
3.	Tang, Q., Luo, Y., Zheng, C., Yin, K., Ali, M.K., Li, X. and He, J. Functional analysis of a c-di-AMP-specific phosphodiesterase MsPDE from Mycobacterium smegmatis. Int J Biol Sci 11 (2015) 813–824. [PMID: 26078723]
4.	Kuipers, K., Gallay, C., Martinek, V., Rohde, M., Martinkova, M., van der Beek, S.L., Jong, W.S., Venselaar, H., Zomer, A., Bootsma, H., Veening, J.W. and de Jonge, M.I. Highly conserved nucleotide phosphatase essential for membrane lipid homeostasis in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Mol. Microbiol. 101 (2016) 12–26. [PMID: 26691161]
5.	Bowman, L., Zeden, M.S., Schuster, C.F., Kaever, V. and Grundling, A. New insights into the cyclic di-adenosine monophosphate (c-di-AMP) degradation pathway and the requirement of the cyclic dinucleotide for acid stress resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. J. Biol. Chem. 291 (2016) 26970–26986. [PMID: 27834680]

[EC 3.1.4.60 created 2019]