The Enzyme Database

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EC 1.3.8.12     
Accepted name: (2S)-methylsuccinyl-CoA dehydrogenase
Reaction: (2S)-methylsuccinyl-CoA + electron-transfer flavoprotein = 2-methylfumaryl-CoA + reduced electron-transfer flavoprotein
Glossary: 2-methylfumaryl-CoA = (E)-3-carboxy-2-methylprop-2-enoyl-CoA
Other name(s): Mcd
Systematic name: (2S)-methylsuccinyl-CoA:electron-transfer flavoprotein oxidoreductase
Comments: The enzyme, characterized from the bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides, is involved in the ethylmalonyl-CoA pathway for acetyl-CoA assimilation. The enzyme contains FAD.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc
References:
1.  Erb, T.J., Fuchs, G. and Alber, B.E. (2S)-Methylsuccinyl-CoA dehydrogenase closes the ethylmalonyl-CoA pathway for acetyl-CoA assimilation. Mol. Microbiol. 73 (2009) 992–1008. [DOI] [PMID: 19703103]
[EC 1.3.8.12 created 2015]
 
 
EC 2.8.3.26     
Accepted name: succinyl-CoA:mesaconate CoA transferase
Reaction: succinyl-CoA + mesaconate = 2-methylfumaryl-CoA + succinate
Glossary: 2-methylfumaryl-CoA = (E)-3-carboxy-2-methylprop-2-enoyl-CoA
mesaconate = 2-methylbut-2-enedioic acid
Other name(s): mct (gene name)
Systematic name: succinyl-CoA:mesaconate CoA transferase
Comments: The enzyme participates in the methylaspartate cycle, an anaplerotic pathway that operates in some members of the haloarchaea and forms malate from acetyl-CoA.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc
References:
1.  Khomyakova, M., Bukmez, O., Thomas, L.K., Erb, T.J. and Berg, I.A. A methylaspartate cycle in haloarchaea. Science 331 (2011) 334–337. [PMID: 21252347]
2.  Borjian, F., Johnsen, U., Schonheit, P. and Berg, I.A. Succinyl-CoA:mesaconate CoA-transferase and mesaconyl-CoA hydratase, enzymes of the methylaspartate cycle in Haloarcula hispanica. Front. Microbiol. 8:1683 (2017). [PMID: 28932214]
[EC 2.8.3.26 created 2020]
 
 
EC 4.2.1.148     
Accepted name: 2-methylfumaryl-CoA hydratase
Reaction: (2R,3S)-2-methylmalyl-CoA = 2-methylfumaryl-CoA + H2O
For diagram of the 3-hydroxypropanoate cycle, click here
Glossary: (2R,3S)-2-methylmalyl-CoA = L-erythro-β-methylmalyl-CoA = (2R,3S)-2-methyl-3-carboxy-3-hydroxypropanoyl-CoA
2-methylfumaryl-CoA = (E)-3-carboxy-2-methylprop-2-enoyl-CoA
Other name(s): Mcd; erythro-β-methylmalonyl-CoA hydrolyase; mesaconyl-coenzyme A hydratase (ambiguous); mesaconyl-C1-CoA hydratase
Systematic name: (2R,3S)-2-methylmalyl-CoA hydro-lyase (2-methylfumaryl-CoA-forming)
Comments: The enzyme from the bacterium Chloroflexus aurantiacus is part of the 3-hydroxypropanoate cycle for carbon assimilation.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB
References:
1.  Zarzycki, J., Schlichting, A., Strychalsky, N., Muller, M., Alber, B.E. and Fuchs, G. Mesaconyl-coenzyme A hydratase, a new enzyme of two central carbon metabolic pathways in bacteria. J. Bacteriol. 190 (2008) 1366–1374. [DOI] [PMID: 18065535]
[EC 4.2.1.148 created 2014]
 
 
EC 5.4.1.3     
Accepted name: 2-methylfumaryl-CoA isomerase
Reaction: 2-methylfumaryl-CoA = 3-methylfumaryl-CoA
For diagram of the 3-hydroxypropanoate cycle, click here
Glossary: 2-methylfumaryl-CoA = (E)-3-carboxy-2-methylprop-2-enoyl-CoA
3-methylfumaryl-CoA = (E)-3-carboxybut-2-enoyl-CoA
Other name(s): mesaconyl-CoA C1-C4 CoA transferase; Mct
Systematic name: 2-methylfumaryl-CoA 1,4-CoA-mutase
Comments: The enzyme, purified from the bacterium Chloroflexus aurantiacus, acts as an intramolecular CoA transferase and does not transfer CoA to free mesaconate. It is part of the 3-hydroxypropanoate cycle for carbon assimilation.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB
References:
1.  Zarzycki, J., Brecht, V., Muller, M. and Fuchs, G. Identifying the missing steps of the autotrophic 3-hydroxypropionate CO2 fixation cycle in Chloroflexus aurantiacus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106 (2009) 21317–21322. [DOI] [PMID: 19955419]
[EC 5.4.1.3 created 2014]
 
 


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