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1.3.1.117

Accepted name:

hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA reductase

Reaction:

(1) dihydro-4-coumaroyl-CoA + NADP⁺ = trans-4-coumaroyl-CoA + NADPH + H⁺
(2) dihydroferuloyl-CoA + NADP⁺ = trans-feruloyl-CoA + NADPH + H⁺

For diagram of phloretin biosynthesis, click here

Glossary:

trans-4-coumaroyl-CoA = (E)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl-CoA
trans-feruloyl-CoA = (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl-CoA
dihydro-4-coumaroyl-CoA = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl-CoA
dihydroferuloyl-CoA = 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propanoyl-CoA

Other name(s):

MdHCDBR; hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA double bond reductase

Systematic name:

dihydro-4-coumaroyl-CoA:NADP⁺ 2,3-oxidoreductase

Comments:

Isolated from Malus X domestica (apple). Involved in dihydrochalcone biosynthesis.

Links to other databases:

BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc

References:

Ibdah, M., Berim, A., Martens, S., Valderrama, A.L.H., Palmieri, L., Lewinsohn, E. and Gang, D.R. Identification and cloning of an NADPH-dependant hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA double bond reductase involved in dihydrochalcone formation in Malus X domestica Borkh. Phytochemistry 107 (2014) 24-31. [DOI] [PMID: 25152451]

[EC 1.3.1.117 created 2018]

2.3.1.74

Accepted name:

chalcone synthase

Reaction:

3 malonyl-CoA + 4-coumaroyl-CoA = 4 CoA + naringenin chalcone + 3 CO₂

For diagram of chalcone and stilbene biosynthesis, click here

Glossary:

phloretin = 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(2,4,6-trihydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one

Other name(s):

naringenin-chalcone synthase; flavanone synthase; 6′-deoxychalcone synthase; chalcone synthetase; DOCS; CHS

Systematic name:

malonyl-CoA:4-coumaroyl-CoA malonyltransferase (cyclizing)

Comments:

The enzyme catalyses the first committed step in the biosynthesis of flavonoids. It can also act on dihydro-4-coumaroyl-CoA, forming phloretin.

Links to other databases:

BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 56803-04-4

References:

1.	Ayabe, S.-I., Udagawa, A. and Furuya, T. NAD(P)H-dependent 6′-deoxychalcone synthase activity in Glycyrrhiza echinata cells induced by yeast extract. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 261 (1988) 458–462. [DOI] [PMID: 3355160]
2.	Heller, W. and Hahlbrock, K. Highly purified "flavanone synthase" from parsley catalyzes the formation of naringenin chalcone. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 200 (1980) 617–619. [DOI] [PMID: 7436427]
3.	Yahyaa, M., Ali, S., Davidovich-Rikanati, R., Ibdah, M., Shachtier, A., Eyal, Y., Lewinsohn, E. and Ibdah, M. Characterization of three chalcone synthase-like genes from apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.). Phytochemistry 140 (2017) 125–133. [DOI] [PMID: 28482241]

[EC 2.3.1.74 created 1984, modified 2018]