ExplorEnz: EC 1.1.1.41

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1.1.1.41

Accepted name:

isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD⁺)

Reaction:

isocitrate + NAD⁺ = 2-oxoglutarate + CO₂ + NADH

For diagram of the citric-acid cycle, click here

Glossary:

isocitrate = (1R,2S)-1-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate (previously known as threo-D_s-isocitrate)

Other name(s):

isocitric dehydrogenase; β-ketoglutaric-isocitric carboxylase; isocitric acid dehydrogenase; NAD dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase; NAD isocitrate dehydrogenase; NAD-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase; NAD-specific isocitrate dehydrogenase; NAD isocitric dehydrogenase; isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD); IDH (ambiguous); nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide isocitrate dehydrogenase

Systematic name:

isocitrate:NAD⁺ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating)

Comments:

Requires Mn²⁺ or Mg²⁺ for activity. Unlike EC 1.1.1.42, isocitrate dehydrogenase (NADP⁺), oxalosuccinate cannot be used as a substrate. In eukaryotes, isocitrate dehydrogenase exists in two forms: an NAD⁺-linked enzyme found only in mitochondria and displaying allosteric properties, and a non-allosteric, NADP⁺-linked enzyme that is found in both mitochondria and cytoplasm [7]. The enzyme from some species can also use NADP⁺ but much more slowly [9].

Links to other databases:

BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 9001-58-5

References:

1.	Hathaway, J.A. and Atkinson, D.E. The effect of adenylic acid on yeast nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide isocitrate dehydrogenase, a possible metabolic control mechanism. J. Biol. Chem. 238 (1963) 2875–2881. [PMID: 14063317]
2.	Kornberg, A. and Pricer, W.E. Di- and triphosphopyridine nucleotide isocitric dehydrogenase in yeast. J. Biol. Chem. 189 (1951) 123–136. [PMID: 14832224]
3.	Plaut, G.W.E. Isocitrate dehydrogenases. In: Boyer, P.D., Lardy, H. and Myrbäck, K. (Ed.), The Enzymes, 2nd edn, vol. 7, Academic Press, New York, 1963, pp. 105–126.
4.	Plaut, G.W.E. and Sung, S.-C. Diphosphopyridine nucleotide isocitric dehydrogenase from animal tissues. J. Biol. Chem. 207 (1954) 305–314. [PMID: 13152105]
5.	Ramakrishnan, C.V. and Martin, S.M. Isocitric dehydrogenase in Aspergillus niger. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 55 (1955) 403–407.
6.	Vickery, H.B. A suggested new nomenclature for the isomers of isocitric acid. J. Biol. Chem. 237 (1962) 1739–1741. [PMID: 13925783]
7.	Camacho, M.L., Brown, R.A., Bonete, M.J., Danson, M.J. and Hough, D.W. Isocitrate dehydrogenases from Haloferax volcanii and Sulfolobus solfataricus: enzyme purification, characterisation and N-terminal sequence. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 134 (1995) 85–90. [DOI] [PMID: 8593959]
8.	Kim, Y.O., Koh, H.J., Kim, S.H., Jo, S.H., Huh, J.W., Jeong, K.S., Lee, I.J., Song, B.J. and Huh, T.L. Identification and functional characterization of a novel, tissue-specific NAD⁺-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase β subunit isoform. J. Biol. Chem. 274 (1999) 36866–36875. [DOI] [PMID: 10601238]
9.	Inoue, H., Tamura, T., Ehara, N., Nishito, A., Nakayama, Y., Maekawa, M., Imada, K., Tanaka, H. and Inagaki, K. Biochemical and molecular characterization of the NAD⁺-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase from the chemolithotroph Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 214 (2002) 127–132. [DOI] [PMID: 12204383]

[EC 1.1.1.41 created 1961, modified 2005]