ExplorEnz: EC 1.14.13.81

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1.14.13.81

Accepted name:

magnesium-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester (oxidative) cyclase

Reaction:

magnesium-protoporphyrin IX 13-monomethyl ester + 3 NADPH + 3 H⁺ + 3 O₂ = 3,8-divinyl protochlorophyllide a + 3 NADP⁺ + 5 H₂O (overall reaction)
(1a) magnesium-protoporphyrin IX 13-monomethyl ester + NADPH + H⁺ + O₂ = 13¹-hydroxy-magnesium-protoporphyrin IX 13-monomethyl ester + NADP⁺ + H₂O
(1b) 13¹-hydroxy-magnesium-protoporphyrin IX 13-monomethyl ester + NADPH + H⁺ + O₂ = 13¹-oxo-magnesium-protoporphyrin IX 13-monomethyl ester + NADP⁺ + 2 H₂O
(1c) 13¹-oxo-magnesium-protoporphyrin IX 13-monomethyl ester + NADPH + H⁺ + O₂ = 3,8-divinyl protochlorophyllide a + NADP⁺ + 2 H₂O

For diagram of chlorophyll biosynthesis (earlier stages), click here

Other name(s):

Mg-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester (oxidative) cyclase

Systematic name:

magnesium-protoporphyrin-IX 13-monomethyl ester,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (hydroxylating)

Comments:

Requires iron(II) for activity. The enzyme participates in the biosynthesis of chlorophyllide a in aerobic organisms. The same transformation is achieved in anaerobic organisms by EC 1.21.98.3, anaerobic magnesium-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester cyclase. Some facultative phototrophic bacteria, such as Rubrivivax gelatinosus, possess both enzymes.

Links to other databases:

BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, CAS registry number: 92353-62-3

References:

1.	Walker, C.J., Mansfield, K.E., Rezzano, I.N., Hanamoto, C.M., Smith, K.M. and Castelfranco, P.A. The magnesium-protoporphyrin IX (oxidative) cyclase system. Studies on the mechanism and specificity of the reaction sequence. Biochem. J. 255 (1988) 685–692. [PMID: 3202840]
2.	Bollivar, D.W. and Beale, S.I. The chlorophyll biosynthetic enzyme Mg-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester (oxidative) cyclase (characterization and partial purification from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803). Plant Physiol. 112 (1996) 105–114. [PMID: 12226378]
3.	Pinta, V., Picaud, M., Reiss-Husson, F. and Astier, C. Rubrivivax gelatinosus acsF (previously orf358) codes for a conserved, putative binuclear-iron-cluster-containing protein involved in aerobic oxidative cyclization of Mg-protoporphyrin IX monomethylester. J. Bacteriol. 184 (2002) 746–753. [DOI] [PMID: 11790744]
4.	Tottey, S., Block, M.A., Allen, M., Westergren, T., Albrieux, C., Scheller, H.V., Merchant, S. and Jensen, P.E. Arabidopsis CHL27, located in both envelope and thylakoid membranes, is required for the synthesis of protochlorophyllide. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100 (2003) 16119–16124. [DOI] [PMID: 14673103]

[EC 1.14.13.81 created 2003, modified 2017]