ExplorEnz: EC 1.14.14.29

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1.14.14.29

Accepted name:

25/26-hydroxycholesterol 7α-hydroxylase

Reaction:

(1) cholest-5-ene-3β,25-diol + [reduced NADPH—hemoprotein reductase] + O₂ = cholest-5-ene-3β,7α,25-triol + [oxidized NADPH—hemoprotein reductase] + H₂O
(2) (25R)-cholest-5-ene-3β,26-diol + [reduced NADPH—hemoprotein reductase] + O₂ = (25R)-cholest-5-ene-3β,7α,26-triol + [oxidized NADPH—hemoprotein reductase] + H₂O

For diagram of cholesterol catabolism (rings a, B and c), click here

Other name(s):

25-hydroxycholesterol 7α-monooxygenase; CYP7B1; CYP7B1 oxysterol 7α-hydroxylase; 27-hydroxycholesterol 7-monooxygenase; 27-hydroxycholesterol 7α-hydroxylase; cholest-5-ene-3β,25-diol,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (7α-hydroxylating); 25-hydroxycholesterol 7α-hydroxylase

Systematic name:

cholest-5-ene-3β,25/26-diol,[NADPH—hemoprotein reductase]:oxygen oxidoreductase (7α-hydroxylating)

Comments:

A P-450 (heme-thiolate) protein. Unlike EC 1.14.14.26, 24-hydroxycholesterol 7α-monooxygenase, which is specific for its oxysterol substrate, this enzyme can also metabolize the oxysterols 24,25-epoxycholesterol, 22-hydroxycholesterol and 24-hydroxycholesterol, but to a lesser extent [2]. The direct electron donor to the enzyme is EC 1.6.2.4, NADPH—hemoprotein reductase.

Links to other databases:

BRENDA, EXPASY, Gene, KEGG, MetaCyc, CAS registry number: 149316-80-3

References:

1.	Kumiko, O.M., Budai, K. and Javitt, N.B. Cholesterol and 27-hydroxycholesterol 7α-hydroxylation: evidence for two different enzymes. J. Lipid Res. 34 (1993) 581–588. [PMID: 8496664]
2.	Toll, A., Wikvall, K., Sudjana-Sugiaman, E., Kondo, K.H. and Björkhem, I. 7α hydroxylation of 25-hydroxycholesterol in liver microsomes. Evidence that the enzyme involved is different from cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase. Eur. J. Biochem. 224 (1994) 309–316. [DOI] [PMID: 7925343]
3.	Li-Hawkins, J., Lund, E.G., Bronson, A.D. and Russell, D.W. Expression cloning of an oxysterol 7α-hydroxylase selective for 24-hydroxycholesterol. J. Biol. Chem. 275 (2000) 16543–16549. [DOI] [PMID: 10748047]
4.	Ren, S., Marques, D., Redford, K., Hylemon, P.B., Gil, G., Vlahcevic, Z.R. and Pandak, W.M. Regulation of oxysterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7B1) in the rat. Metabolism 52 (2003) 636–642. [DOI] [PMID: 12759897]
5.	Russell, D.W. The enzymes, regulation, and genetics of bile acid synthesis. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 72 (2003) 137–174. [DOI] [PMID: 12543708]

[EC 1.14.14.29 created 2005 as EC 1.14.13.100, modified 2013 (EC 1.14.13.60 created 1999, incorporated 2013), transferred 2016 to EC 1.14.14.29]