ExplorEnz: EC 1.14.19.20

Your query returned 1 entry. Printable version

1.14.19.20

Accepted name:

Δ⁷-sterol 5(6)-desaturase

Reaction:

a Δ⁷-sterol + 2 ferrocytochrome b₅ + O₂ + 2 H⁺ = a Δ^5,7-sterol + 2 ferricytochrome b₅ + 2 H₂O

For diagram of the modification of sterol rings B, C and D, click here

Other name(s):

lathosterol oxidase; Δ⁷-sterol Δ⁵-dehydrogenase; Δ⁷-sterol 5-desaturase; Δ⁷-sterol-C5(6)-desaturase; 5-DES; SC5DL (gene name); ERG3 (gene name)

Systematic name:

Δ⁷-sterol,ferrocytochrome b₅:oxygen oxidoreductase 5,6-dehydrogenating

Comments:

This enzyme, found in eukaryotic organisms, catalyses the introduction of a double bond between the C₅ and C₆ carbons of the B ring of Δ⁷-sterols, to yield the corresponding Δ^5,7-sterols. The enzymes from yeast, plants and vertebrates act on avenasterol, episterol, and lathosterol, respectively. The enzyme is located at the endoplasmic reticulum and is membrane bound.

Links to other databases:

BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, CAS registry number: 37255-37-1

References:

1.	Dempsey, M.E., Seaton, J.D., Schroepfer, G.J. and Trockman, R.W. The intermediary role of Δ^5,7-cholestadien-3β-ol in cholesterol biosynthesis. J. Biol. Chem. 239 (1964) 1381–1387. [PMID: 14189869]
2.	Honjo, K., Ishibashi, T. and Imai, Y. Partial purification and characterization of lathosterol 5-desaturase from rat liver microsomes. J. Biochem. 97 (1985) 955–959. [PMID: 4019441]
3.	Arthington, B.A., Bennett, L.G., Skatrud, P.L., Guynn, C.J., Barbuch, R.J., Ulbright, C.E. and Bard, M. Cloning, disruption and sequence of the gene encoding yeast C-5 sterol desaturase. Gene 102 (1991) 39–44. [DOI] [PMID: 1864507]
4.	Taton, M. and Rahier, A. Plant sterol biosynthesis: identification and characterization of higher plant Δ⁷-sterol C5(6)-desaturase. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 325 (1996) 279–288. [DOI] [PMID: 8561508]
5.	Nishino, H., Nakaya, J., Nishi, S., Kurosawa, T. and Ishibashi, T. Temperature-induced differential kinetic properties between an initial burst and the following steady state in membrane-bound enzymes: studies on lathosterol 5-desaturase. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 339 (1997) 298–304. [DOI] [PMID: 9056262]
6.	Taton, M., Husselstein, T., Benveniste, P. and Rahier, A. Role of highly conserved residues in the reaction catalyzed by recombinant Δ⁷-sterol-C5(6)-desaturase studied by site-directed mutagenesis. Biochemistry 39 (2000) 701–711. [DOI] [PMID: 10651635]
7.	Poklepovich, T.J., Rinaldi, M.A., Tomazic, M.L., Favale, N.O., Turkewitz, A.P., Nudel, C.B. and Nusblat, A.D. The cytochrome b₅ dependent C-5(6) sterol desaturase DES5A from the endoplasmic reticulum of Tetrahymena thermophila complements ergosterol biosynthesis mutants in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Steroids 77 (2012) 1313–1320. [DOI] [PMID: 22982564]

[EC 1.14.19.20 created 1972 as EC 1.3.3.2, transferred 2005 to EC 1.14.21.6, transferred 2015 to EC 1.14.19.20]