ExplorEnz: EC 1.14.99.39

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1.14.99.39

Accepted name:

ammonia monooxygenase

Reaction:

NH₃ + a reduced acceptor + O₂ = NH₂OH + an acceptor + H₂O

Other name(s):

AMO

Systematic name:

ammonia,donor:oxygen oxidoreductase (hydroxylamine-producing)

Comments:

The enzyme catalyses the first reaction in the pathway of ammonia oxidation to nitrite. It contains copper [1], iron [5] and possibly zinc [9]. The enzyme requires two electrons, which are derived indirectly from the quinone pool via a membrane-bound donor.

Links to other databases:

BRENDA, EAWAG-BBD, EXPASY, Gene, KEGG, MetaCyc

References:

1.	Ensign, S.A., Hyman, M.R. and Arp, D.J. In vitro activation of ammonia monooxygenase from Nitrosomonas europaea by copper. J. Bacteriol. 175 (1993) 1971–1980. [DOI] [PMID: 8458839]
2.	Hyman, M.R., Page, C.L. and Arp, D.J. Oxidation of methyl fluoride and dimethyl ether by ammonia monooxygenase in Nitrosomonas europaea. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 60 (1994) 3033–3035. [PMID: 8085841]
3.	Bergmann, D.J. and Hooper, A.B. Sequence of the gene, amoB, for the 43-kDa polypeptide of ammonia monoxygenase of Nitrosomonas europaea. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 204 (1994) 759–762. [DOI] [PMID: 7980540]
4.	Holmes, A.J., Costello, A., Lidstrom, M.E. and Murrell, J.C. Evidence that particulate methane monooxygenase and ammonia monooxygenase may be evolutionarily related. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 132 (1995) 203–208. [DOI] [PMID: 7590173]
5.	Zahn, J.A., Arciero, D.M., Hooper, A.B. and DiSpirito, A.A. Evidence for an iron center in the ammonia monooxygenase from Nitrosomonas europaea. FEBS Lett. 397 (1996) 35–38. [DOI] [PMID: 8941709]
6.	Moir, J.W., Crossman, L.C., Spiro, S. and Richardson, D.J. The purification of ammonia monooxygenase from Paracoccus denitrificans. FEBS Lett. 387 (1996) 71–74. [DOI] [PMID: 8654570]
7.	Whittaker, M., Bergmann, D., Arciero, D. and Hooper, A.B. Electron transfer during the oxidation of ammonia by the chemolithotrophic bacterium Nitrosomonas europaea. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1459 (2000) 346–355. [DOI] [PMID: 11004450]
8.	Arp, D.J., Sayavedra-Soto, L.A. and Hommes, N.G. Molecular biology and biochemistry of ammonia oxidation by Nitrosomonas europaea. Arch. Microbiol. 178 (2002) 250–255. [DOI] [PMID: 12209257]
9.	Gilch, S., Meyer, O. and Schmidt, I. A soluble form of ammonia monooxygenase in Nitrosomonas europaea. Biol. Chem. 390 (2009) 863–873. [DOI] [PMID: 19453274]

[EC 1.14.99.39 created 2010]