ExplorEnz: EC 2.3.1.336

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2.3.1.336

Accepted name:

atrochrysone-2-carbonyl-[acyl-carrier protein] synthase

Reaction:

[acyl-carrier protein] + 8 malonyl-CoA = (3R)-atrochrysone-2-carbonyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + 8 CO₂ + 2 H₂O + 8 CoA

Other name(s):

CrPKS3; CoPKS4; TpcC; ACAS; ATEG_08451

Systematic name:

malonyl-CoA:malonyl-CoA malonyltransferase [(R)-atrochrysone-carboxylate-forming]

Comments:

The enzyme, a non-reducing iterative type I polyketide synthase, has been isolated from the moulds Aspergillus terreus and A. fumigatus and the mushrooms Calonarius odorifer and C. rufo-olivaceus. In some, but not all, cases the enzyme also contains a thioesterase domain and releases free atrochrysone-2-carboxylate (cf. EC 3.1.2.34 atrochrysone-2-carbonyl-[acyl-carrier protein] thioesterase). Some of the enzymes also have the activity of EC 2.3.1.335, 6-hydroxymusizin-2-carbonyl-[acyl-carrier protein] synthase.

Links to other databases:

BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc

References:

1.	Askenazi, M., Driggers, E.M., Holtzman, D.A., Norman, T.C., Iverson, S., Zimmer, D.P., Boers, M.E., Blomquist, P.R., Martinez, E.J., Monreal, A.W., Feibelman, T.P., Mayorga, M.E., Maxon, M.E., Sykes, K., Tobin, J.V., Cordero, E., Salama, S.R., Trueheart, J., Royer, J.C. and Madden, K.T. Integrating transcriptional and metabolite profiles to direct the engineering of lovastatin-producing fungal strains. Nat. Biotechnol. 21 (2003) 150–156. [DOI] [PMID: 12536215]
2.	Awakawa, T., Yokota, K., Funa, N., Doi, F., Mori, N., Watanabe, H. and Horinouchi, S. Physically discrete β-lactamase-type thioesterase catalyzes product release in atrochrysone synthesis by iterative type I polyketide synthase. Chem. Biol. 16 (2009) 613–623. [DOI] [PMID: 19549600]
3.	Lohr, N.A., Eisen, F., Thiele, W., Platz, L., Motter, J., Huttel, W., Gressler, M., Muller, M. and Hoffmeister, D. Unprecedented mushroom polyketide synthases produce the universal anthraquinone precursor. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 61:e202116142 (2022). [DOI] [PMID: 35218274]
4.	Zhao, Q., Zhuang, Z., Liu, T., Yang, Q., He, Q.L., Liu, W. and Lin, G.Q. Unsymmetrically regioselective homodimerization depends on the subcellular colocalization of laccase/fasciclin protein in the biosynthesis of phlegmacins. ACS Chem. Biol. 17 (2022) 791–796. [DOI] [PMID: 35274920]
5.	Lohr, N.A., Urban, M.C., Eisen, F., Platz, L., Huttel, W., Gressler, M., Muller, M. and Hoffmeister, D. The ketosynthase domain controls chain length in mushroom oligocyclic polyketide synthases. Chembiochem 24:e202200649 (2023). [DOI] [PMID: 36507600]
6.	Lohr, N.A., Rakhmanov, M., Wurlitzer, J.M., Lackner, G., Gressler, M. and Hoffmeister, D. Basidiomycete non-reducing polyketide synthases function independently of SAT domains. Fungal Biol Biotechnol 10:17 (2023). [DOI] [PMID: 37542286]
7.	Throckmorton, K., Lim, F.Y., Kontoyiannis, D.P., Zheng, W. and Keller, N.P. Redundant synthesis of a conidial polyketide by two distinct secondary metabolite clusters in Aspergillus fumigatus. Environ. Microbiol. 18 (2016) 246–259. [DOI] [PMID: 26242966]

[EC 2.3.1.336 created 2025]