ExplorEnz: EC 2.5.1.150

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2.5.1.150

Accepted name:

lycopene elongase/hydratase (dihydrobisanhydrobacterioruberin-forming)

Reaction:

(1) prenyl diphosphate + all-trans-lycopene + H₂O = dihydroisopentenyldehydrorhodopin + diphosphate
(2) prenyl diphosphate + isopentenyldehydrorhodopin + H₂O = dihydrobisanhydrobacterioruberin + diphosphate

For diagram of C⁵⁰-Carotenoid biosynthesis, click here and for diagram of bacterioruberin biosynthesis, click here

Glossary:

dihydrobisanhydrobacterioruberin = (2S,2S′)-2,2′-bis(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-3,3′,4,4′-tetradehydro-1,1′,2,2′-tetrahydro-ψ,ψ-carotene-1,1′-diol = (3S,4E,6E,8E,10E,12E,14E,16E,18E,20E,22E,24E,26E,30R)-2,6,10,14,19,23,27,31-octamethyl-3,30-bis(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)dotriaconta-4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20,22,24,26-dodecaene-2,31-diol

Other name(s):

lbtA (gene name); lyeJ (gene name); dimethylallyl-diphosphate:all-trans-lycopene dimethylallyltransferase (hydrating, dihydrobisanhydrobacterioruberin-forming)

Systematic name:

prenyl-diphosphate:all-trans-lycopene prenyltransferase (hydrating, dihydrobisanhydrobacterioruberin-forming)

Comments:

The enzyme, characterized from the bacterium Dietzia sp. CQ4 and the halophilic archaea Halobacterium salinarum and Haloarcula japonica, is bifunctional. It catalyses the elongation of the C₄₀ carotenoid all-trans-lycopene by attaching an isoprene unit at C-2 as well as the hydroxylation of the previous end of the molecule. The enzyme acts at both ends of the substrate, and combined with the action of EC 1.3.99.37, 1-hydroxy-2-isopentenylcarotenoid 3,4-desaturase, it forms the C₅₀ carotenoid dihydrobisanhydrobacterioruberin. cf. EC 2.5.1.149, lycopene elongase/hydratase (flavuxanthin-forming).

Links to other databases:

BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc

References:

1.	Tao, L., Yao, H. and Cheng, Q. Genes from a Dietzia sp. for synthesis of C₄₀ and C₅₀ β-cyclic carotenoids. Gene 386 (2007) 90–97. [DOI] [PMID: 17008032]
2.	Dummer, A.M., Bonsall, J.C., Cihla, J.B., Lawry, S.M., Johnson, G.C. and Peck, R.F. Bacterioopsin-mediated regulation of bacterioruberin biosynthesis in Halobacterium salinarum. J. Bacteriol. 193 (2011) 5658–5667. [PMID: 21840984]
3.	Yang, Y., Yatsunami, R., Ando, A., Miyoko, N., Fukui, T., Takaichi, S. and Nakamura, S. Complete biosynthetic pathway of the C₅₀ carotenoid bacterioruberin from lycopene in the extremely halophilic archaeon Haloarcula japonica. J. Bacteriol. 197 (2015) 1614–1623. [DOI] [PMID: 25712483]

[EC 2.5.1.150 created 2018]