ExplorEnz: EC 2.5.1.81

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2.5.1.81

Accepted name:

geranylfarnesyl diphosphate synthase

Reaction:

geranylgeranyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate = (2E,6E,10E,14E)-geranylfarnesyl diphosphate + diphosphate

For diagram of terpenoid biosynthesis, click here

Other name(s):

FGPP synthase; (all-E) geranylfarnesyl diphosphate synthase; GFPS; Fgs

Systematic name:

geranylgeranyl-diphosphate:isopentenyl-diphosphate transtransferase (adding 1 isopentenyl unit)

Comments:

The enzyme from Methanosarcina mazei is involved in biosynthesis of the polyprenyl side-chain of methanophenazine, an electron carrier utilized for methanogenesis. It prefers geranylgeranyl diphosphate and farnesyl diphosphate as allylic substrate [1]. The enzyme from Aeropyrum pernix prefers farnesyl diphosphate as allylic substrate. The enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of C₂₅-C₂₅ membrane lipids [2].

Links to other databases:

BRENDA, EXPASY, Gene, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB

References:

1.	Ogawa, T., Yoshimura, T. and Hemmi, H. Geranylfarnesyl diphosphate synthase from Methanosarcina mazei: Different role, different evolution. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 393 (2010) 16–20. [DOI] [PMID: 20097171]
2.	Tachibana, A., Yano, Y., Otani, S., Nomura, N., Sako, Y. and Taniguchi, M. Novel prenyltransferase gene encoding farnesylgeranyl diphosphate synthase from a hyperthermophilic archaeon, Aeropyrum pernix. Molecular evolution with alteration in product specificity. Eur. J. Biochem. 267 (2000) 321–328. [DOI] [PMID: 10632701]
3.	Tachibana, A. A novel prenyltransferase, farnesylgeranyl diphosphate synthase, from the haloalkaliphilic archaeon, Natronobacterium pharaonis. FEBS Lett. 341 (1994) 291–294. [DOI] [PMID: 8137956]
4.	Lee, P.C., Mijts, B.N., Petri, R., Watts, K.T. and Schmidt-Dannert, C. Alteration of product specificity of Aeropyrum pernix farnesylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (Fgs) by directed evolution. Protein Eng. Des. Sel. 17 (2004) 771–777. [DOI] [PMID: 15548566]

[EC 2.5.1.81 created 2010]