ExplorEnz: EC 2.7.8.27

Your query returned 1 entry. Printable version

2.7.8.27

Accepted name:

sphingomyelin synthase

Reaction:

a ceramide + a phosphatidylcholine = a sphingomyelin + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol

For diagram of reaction, click here

Glossary:

sphingomyelin = a ceramide-1-phosphocholine
ceramide = an N-acylsphingoid. The fatty acids of naturally occurring ceramides range in chain length from about C₁₆ to about C₂₆ and may contain one or more double bonds and/or hydroxy substituents at C-2
sphingoid = sphinganine, i.e. D-erythro-2-aminooctadecane-1,3-diol, and its homologues and stereoisomers (see also Lip-1.4)

Other name(s):

SM synthase; SMS1; SMS2

Systematic name:

ceramide:phosphatidylcholine cholinephosphotransferase

Comments:

The reaction can occur in both directions [3]. This enzyme occupies a central position in sphingolipid and glycerophospholipid metabolism [4]. Up- and down-regulation of its activity has been linked to mitogenic and pro-apoptotic signalling in a variety of mammalian cell types [4]. Unlike EC 2.7.8.3, ceramide cholinephosphotransferase, CDP-choline cannot replace phosphatidylcholine as the donor of the phosphocholine moiety of sphingomyelin [2].

Links to other databases:

BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 58703-97-2

References:

1.	Ullman, M.D. and Radin, N.S. The enzymatic formation of sphingomyelin from ceramide and lecithin in mouse liver. J. Biol. Chem. 249 (1974) 1506–1512. [PMID: 4817756]
2.	Voelker, D.R. and Kennedy, E.P. Cellular and enzymic synthesis of sphingomyelin. Biochemistry 21 (1982) 2753–2759. [PMID: 7093220]
3.	Huitema, K., van den Dikkenberg, J., Brouwers, J.F. and Holthuis, J.C. Identification of a family of animal sphingomyelin synthases. EMBO J. 23 (2004) 33–44. [DOI] [PMID: 14685263]
4.	Tafesse, F.G., Ternes, P. and Holthuis, J.C. The multigenic sphingomyelin synthase family. J. Biol. Chem. 281 (2006) 29421–29425. [DOI] [PMID: 16905542]
5.	Yamaoka, S., Miyaji, M., Kitano, T., Umehara, H. and Okazaki, T. Expression cloning of a human cDNA restoring sphingomyelin synthesis and cell growth in sphingomyelin synthase-defective lymphoid cells. J. Biol. Chem. 279 (2004) 18688–18693. [DOI] [PMID: 14976195]

[EC 2.7.8.27 created 2006]