ExplorEnz: EC 3.1.3.4

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3.1.3.4

Accepted name:

phosphatidate phosphatase

Reaction:

a 1,2-diacylglycerol 3-phosphate + H₂O = a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + phosphate

Glossary:

a 1,2-diacylglycerol 3-phosphate = a 3-sn-phosphatidate
a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol = diacylglycerol = DAG

Other name(s):

phosphatic acid phosphatase; acid phosphatidyl phosphatase; phosphatic acid phosphohydrolase; PAP; Lipin; LPIN1 (gene name); LPIN2 (gene name); LPIN3 (gene name)

Systematic name:

diacylglycerol-3-phosphate phosphohydrolase

Comments:

This enzyme catalyses the Mg²⁺-dependent dephosphorylation of a 1,2-diacylglycerol-3-phosphate, yielding a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol (DAG), the substrate for de novo lipid synthesis via the Kennedy pathway and for the synthesis of triacylglycerol. In lipid signalling, the enzyme generates a pool of DAG to be used for protein kinase C activation. The mammalian enzymes are known as lipins. cf. EC 3.1.3.106, 2-lysophosphatidate phosphatase, and EC 3.1.3.113, phospholipid phosphatase.

Links to other databases:

BRENDA, EXPASY, Gene, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 9025-77-8

References:

1.	Smith, S.W., Weiss, S.B. and Kennedy, E.P. The enzymatic dephosphorylation of phosphatidic acids. J. Biol. Chem. 228 (1957) 915–922. [PMID: 13475370]
2.	Donkor, J., Sariahmetoglu, M., Dewald, J., Brindley, D.N. and Reue, K. Three mammalian lipins act as phosphatidate phosphatases with distinct tissue expression patterns. J. Biol. Chem. 282 (2007) 3450–3457. [DOI] [PMID: 17158099]
3.	Carman, G.M. and Han, G.S. Phosphatidic acid phosphatase, a key enzyme in the regulation of lipid synthesis. J. Biol. Chem. 284 (2009) 2593–2597. [DOI] [PMID: 18812320]
4.	Han, G.S. and Carman, G.M. Characterization of the human LPIN1-encoded phosphatidate phosphatase isoforms. J. Biol. Chem. 285 (2010) 14628–14638. [DOI] [PMID: 20231281]
5.	Eaton, J.M., Mullins, G.R., Brindley, D.N. and Harris, T.E. Phosphorylation of lipin 1 and charge on the phosphatidic acid head group control its phosphatidic acid phosphatase activity and membrane association. J. Biol. Chem. 288 (2013) 9933–9945. [DOI] [PMID: 23426360]
6.	Li, T.Y., Song, L., Sun, Y., Li, J., Yi, C., Lam, S.M., Xu, D., Zhou, L., Li, X., Yang, Y., Zhang, C.S., Xie, C., Huang, X., Shui, G., Lin, S.Y., Reue, K. and Lin, S.C. Tip60-mediated lipin 1 acetylation and ER translocation determine triacylglycerol synthesis rate. Nat. Commun. 9:1916 (2018). [DOI] [PMID: 29765047]

[EC 3.1.3.4 created 1961, modified 2010, modified 2026]