ExplorEnz: EC 3.4.21.74

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3.4.21.74

Accepted name:

venombin A

Reaction:

Selective cleavage of Arg┼ bond in fibrinogen, to form fibrin, and release fibrinopeptide A. The specificity of further degradation of fibrinogen varies with species origin of the enzyme

Other name(s):

α-fibrinogenase; habutobin; zinc metalloproteinase Cbfib1.1; zinc metalloproteinase Cbfib1.2; zinc metalloproteinase Cbfib2; ancrod; (see also Comments)

Comments:

A somewhat thrombin-like enzyme from venoms of snakes of the viper/rattlesnake group. Species variants of the enzyme include ancrod from Agkistrodon rhodostoma (Malayan pit viper) (formerly EC 3.4.21.28) [1], batroxobin from Bothrops atrox (South American pit viper) (formerly EC 3.4.21.29) [2,5] and crotalase from Crotalus adamanteus (Eastern diamondback rattlesnake) (formerly EC 3.4.21.30) [3,4]. In peptidase family S1 (trypsin family). Does not require activation by Ca²⁺.

Links to other databases:

BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, MEROPS, PDB, CAS registry number: 146240-35-9

References:

1.	Nolan, C., Hall, L.S. and Barlow, G.H. Ancrod, the coagulating enzyme from Malayan pit viper (Agkistrodon rhodostoma) venom. Methods Enzymol. 45 (1976) 205–213. [DOI] [PMID: 1011992]
2.	Stocker, K. and Barlow, G.H. The coagulant enzyme from Bothrops atrox venom (batroxobin). Methods Enzymol. 45 (1976) 214–223. [DOI] [PMID: 1011993]
3.	Markland, F.S., Kettner, C., Schiffmann, S., Shaw, E., Bajwa, S.S., Reddy, K.N.N., Kirakossian, H., Patkos, G.B., Theodor, I. and Pirkle, H. Kallikrein-like activity of crotalase, a snake venom enzyme that clots fibrinogen. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 79 (1982) 1688–1692. [DOI] [PMID: 7043462]
4.	Simmons, G., Bundalian, M., Theodor, I., Martinoli, J. and Pirkle, H. Action of crotalase, an enzyme with thrombin-like and kallikrein-like specificities, on tripeptide nitroanilide derivatives. Thromb. Res. 40 (1985) 555–561. [PMID: 2934864]
5.	Itoh, N., Tanaka, N., Funakoshi, I., Kawasaki, T., Mihashi, S. and Yamashina, I. Organisation of the gene for batroxobin, a thrombin-like snake venom enzyme. Homology with the trypsin/kallikrein gene family. J. Biol. Chem. 263 (1988) 7628–7631. [PMID: 3163691]

[EC 3.4.21.74 created 1992 (EC 3.4.21.28, EC 3.4.21.29 and 3.4.21.30 all created 1978 and incorporated 1992)]