The Enzyme Database

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EC 3.6.1.59     
Accepted name: 5′-(N7-methyl 5′-triphosphoguanosine)-[mRNA] diphosphatase
Reaction: a 5′-(N7-methyl 5′-triphosphoguanosine)-[mRNA] + H2O = N7-methylguanosine 5′-phosphate + a 5′-diphospho-[mRNA]
Other name(s): DcpS; m7GpppX pyrophosphatase; m7GpppN m7GMP phosphohydrolase; m7GpppX diphosphatase; m7G5′ppp5’N m7GMP phosphohydrolase
Systematic name: 5′-(N7-methyl 5′-triphosphoguanosine)-[mRNA] N7-methylguanosine 5′-phosphate phosphohydrolase
Comments: The enzyme removes (decaps) the N7-methylguanosine 5-phosphate cap from an mRNA degraded to a maximal length of 10 nucleotides [3,6]. Decapping is an important process in the control of eukaryotic mRNA degradation. The enzyme functions to clear the cell of cap structure following decay of the RNA body [2]. The nematode enzyme can also decap triply methylated substrates, 5′-(N2,N2,N7-trimethyl 5′-triphosphoguanosine)-[mRNA] [4].
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, Gene, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB
References:
1.  Malys, N. and McCarthy, J.E. Dcs2, a novel stress-induced modulator of m7GpppX pyrophosphatase activity that locates to P bodies. J. Mol. Biol. 363 (2006) 370–382. [DOI] [PMID: 16963086]
2.  Liu, S.W., Rajagopal, V., Patel, S.S. and Kiledjian, M. Mechanistic and kinetic analysis of the DcpS scavenger decapping enzyme. J. Biol. Chem. 283 (2008) 16427–16436. [DOI] [PMID: 18441014]
3.  Liu, H., Rodgers, N.D., Jiao, X. and Kiledjian, M. The scavenger mRNA decapping enzyme DcpS is a member of the HIT family of pyrophosphatases. EMBO J. 21 (2002) 4699–4708. [DOI] [PMID: 12198172]
4.  van Dijk, E., Le Hir, H. and Seraphin, B. DcpS can act in the 5′-3′ mRNA decay pathway in addition to the 3′-5′ pathway. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100 (2003) 12081–12086. [DOI] [PMID: 14523240]
5.  Chen, N., Walsh, M.A., Liu, Y., Parker, R. and Song, H. Crystal structures of human DcpS in ligand-free and m7GDP-bound forms suggest a dynamic mechanism for scavenger mRNA decapping. J. Mol. Biol. 347 (2005) 707–718. [DOI] [PMID: 15769464]
6.  Cohen, L.S., Mikhli, C., Friedman, C., Jankowska-Anyszka, M., Stepinski, J., Darzynkiewicz, E. and Davis, R.E. Nematode m7GpppG and m3(2,2,7)GpppG decapping: activities in Ascaris embryos and characterization of C. elegans scavenger DcpS. RNA 10 (2004) 1609–1624. [DOI] [PMID: 15383679]
7.  Wypijewska, A., Bojarska, E., Lukaszewicz, M., Stepinski, J., Jemielity, J., Davis, R.E. and Darzynkiewicz, E. 7-Methylguanosine diphosphate (m7GDP) is not hydrolyzed but strongly bound by decapping scavenger (DcpS) enzymes and potently inhibits their activity. Biochemistry 51 (2012) 8003–8013. [DOI] [PMID: 22985415]
[EC 3.6.1.59 created 2012, modified 2013]
 
 


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