The Enzyme Database

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EC 1.1.1.100     
Accepted name: 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase
Reaction: a (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + NADP+ = a 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + NADPH + H+
Other name(s): β-ketoacyl-[acyl-carrier protein](ACP) reductase; β-ketoacyl acyl carrier protein (ACP) reductase; β-ketoacyl reductase; β-ketoacyl thioester reductase; β-ketoacyl-ACP reductase; β-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein reductase; 3-ketoacyl acyl carrier protein reductase; NADPH-specific 3-oxoacyl-[acylcarrier protein]reductase; 3-oxoacyl-[ACP]reductase; (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein]:NADP+ oxidoreductase
Systematic name: (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein]:NADP+ oxidoreductase
Comments: Exhibits a marked preference for acyl-carrier-protein derivatives over CoA derivatives as substrates.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, GTD, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 37250-34-3
References:
1.  Prescott, D.J. and Vagelos, P.R. Acyl carrier protein. Adv. Enzymol. Relat. Areas Mol. Biol. 36 (1972) 269–311. [DOI] [PMID: 4561013]
2.  Shimakata, T. and Stumpf, P.K. Purification and characterizations of β-ketoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase, β-hydroxyacyl-[acylcarrier-protein] dehydrase, and enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase from Spinacia oleracea leaves. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 218 (1982) 77–91. [DOI] [PMID: 6756317]
3.  Toomey, R.E. and Wakil, S.J. Studies on the mechanism of fatty acid synthesis. XV. Preparation and general properties of β-ketoacyl acyl carrier protein reductase from Escherichia coli. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 116 (1966) 189–197. [DOI] [PMID: 4381013]
[EC 1.1.1.100 created 1972, modified 1976]
 
 
EC 1.1.1.212     
Accepted name: 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH)
Reaction: a (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + NAD+ = a 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + NADH + H+
Other name(s): 3-oxoacyl-[acyl carrier protein] (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) reductase; 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH); (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein]:NAD+ oxidoreductase
Systematic name: (3R)-3-hydroxyacyl-[acyl-carrier protein]:NAD+ oxidoreductase
Comments: Forms part of the fatty acid synthase system in plants. Can be separated from EC 1.1.1.100, 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, CAS registry number: 82047-86-7
References:
1.  Caughey, I. and Kekwick, R.G.O. The characteristics of some components of the fatty acid synthetase system in the plastids from the mesocarp of avocado (Persea americana) fruit. Eur. J. Biochem. 123 (1982) 553–561. [DOI] [PMID: 7075600]
[EC 1.1.1.212 created 1986]
 
 
EC 2.3.1.41     
Accepted name: β-ketoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase I
Reaction: an acyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + a malonyl-[acyl-carrier protein] = a 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + CO2 + an [acyl-carrier protein]
Glossary: acyl-[acyl-carrier protein] = R-CO-[acyl-carrier protein]
malonyl-[acyl-carrier protein] = HOOC-CH2-CO-[acyl-carrier protein]
3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] = R-CO-CH2-CO-[acyl-carrier protein]
Other name(s): β-ketoacyl-ACP synthase I; β-ketoacyl synthetase; β-ketoacyl-ACP synthetase; β-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthetase; β-ketoacyl-[acyl carrier protein] synthase; β-ketoacylsynthase; condensing enzyme (ambiguous); 3-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase; fatty acid condensing enzyme; acyl-malonyl(acyl-carrier-protein)-condensing enzyme; acyl-malonyl acyl carrier protein-condensing enzyme; β-ketoacyl acyl carrier protein synthase; 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase; 3-oxoacyl:ACP synthase I; KASI; KAS I; FabF1; FabB; acyl-[acyl-carrier-protein]:malonyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] C-acyltransferase (decarboxylating)
Systematic name: acyl-[acyl-carrier protein]:malonyl-[acyl-carrier protein] C-acyltransferase (decarboxylating)
Comments: This enzyme is responsible for the chain-elongation step of dissociated (type II) fatty-acid biosynthesis, i.e. the addition of two C atoms to the fatty-acid chain. Escherichia coli mutants that lack this enzyme are deficient in unsaturated fatty acids. The enzyme can use fatty acyl thioesters of ACP (C2 to C16) as substrates, as well as fatty acyl thioesters of Co-A (C4 to C16) [4]. The substrate specificity is very similar to that of EC 2.3.1.179, β-ketoacyl-ACP synthase II, with the exception that the latter enzyme is far more active with palmitoleoyl-ACP (C16Δ9) as substrate, allowing the organism to regulate its fatty-acid composition with changes in temperature [4,5].
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 9077-10-5
References:
1.  Alberts, A.W., Majerus, P.W. and Vagelos, P.R. Acetyl-CoA acyl carrier protein transacylase. Methods Enzymol. 14 (1969) 50–53. [DOI]
2.  Prescott, D.J. and Vagelos, P.R. Acyl carrier protein. Adv. Enzymol. Relat. Areas Mol. Biol. 36 (1972) 269–311. [DOI] [PMID: 4561013]
3.  Toomey, R.E. and Wakil, S.J. Studies on the mechanism of fatty acid synthesis. XVI. Preparation and general properties of acyl-malonyl acyl carrier protein-condensing enzyme from Escherichia coli. J. Biol. Chem. 241 (1966) 1159–1165. [PMID: 5327099]
4.  D'Agnolo, G., Rosenfeld, I.S. and Vagelos, P.R. Multiple forms of β-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthetase in Escherichia coli. J. Biol. Chem. 250 (1975) 5289–5294. [PMID: 237914]
5.  Garwin, J.L., Klages, A.L. and Cronan, J.E., Jr.. Structural, enzymatic, and genetic studies of β-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthases I and II of Escherichia coli. J. Biol. Chem. 255 (1980) 11949–11956. [PMID: 7002930]
6.  Wang, H. and Cronan, J.E. Functional replacement of the FabA and FabB proteins of Escherichia coli fatty acid synthesis by Enterococcus faecalis FabZ and FabF homologues. J. Biol. Chem. 279 (2004) 34489–34495. [DOI] [PMID: 15194690]
7.  Cronan, J.E., Jr. and Rock, C.O. Biosynthesis of membrane lipids. In: Neidhardt, F.C. (Ed.), Escherichia coli and Salmonella: Cellular and Molecular Biology, 2nd edn, vol. 1, ASM Press, Washington, DC, 1996, pp. 612–636.
[EC 2.3.1.41 created 1972, modified 2006]
 
 
EC 2.3.1.277     
Accepted name: 2-oxo-3-(phosphooxy)propyl 3-oxoalkanoate synthase
Reaction: a medium-chain 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier protein] + glycerone phosphate = 2-oxo-3-(phosphooxy)propyl 3-oxoalkanoate + a holo-[acyl-carrier protein]
Glossary: glycerone phosphate = dihydroxyacetone phosphate = 3-hydroxy-2-oxopropyl phosphate
Other name(s): afsA (gene name); scbA (gene name); barX (gene name)
Systematic name: 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier protein]:glycerone phosphate 3-oxonacylltransferase
Comments: The enzyme catalyses the first committed step in the biosynthesis of γ-butyrolactone autoregulators that control secondary metabolism and morphological development in Streptomyces bacteria.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc
References:
1.  Horinouchi, S., Suzuki, H., Nishiyama, M. and Beppu, T. Nucleotide sequence and transcriptional analysis of the Streptomyces griseus gene (afsA) responsible for A-factor biosynthesis. J. Bacteriol. 171 (1989) 1206–1210. [PMID: 2492509]
2.  Kato, J.Y., Funa, N., Watanabe, H., Ohnishi, Y. and Horinouchi, S. Biosynthesis of γ-butyrolactone autoregulators that switch on secondary metabolism and morphological development in Streptomyces. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104 (2007) 2378–2383. [DOI] [PMID: 17277085]
3.  Hsiao, N.H., Soding, J., Linke, D., Lange, C., Hertweck, C., Wohlleben, W. and Takano, E. ScbA from Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) has homology to fatty acid synthases and is able to synthesize γ-butyrolactones. Microbiology 153 (2007) 1394–1404. [PMID: 17464053]
4.  Lee, Y.J., Kitani, S. and Nihira, T. Null mutation analysis of an afsA-family gene, barX, that is involved in biosynthesis of the γ-butyrolactone autoregulator in Streptomyces virginiae. Microbiology 156 (2010) 206–210. [PMID: 19778967]
[EC 2.3.1.277 created 2018]
 
 


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