The Enzyme Database

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EC 1.14.11.38     
Accepted name: verruculogen synthase
Reaction: fumitremorgin B + 2-oxoglutarate + 2 O2 + reduced acceptor = verruculogen + succinate + CO2 + H2O + acceptor
For diagram of fumitremorgin alkaloid biosynthesis (part 2), click here
Glossary: fumitremorgin B = (5aR,6S,12S,14aS)-5a,6-dihydroxy-9-methoxy-11-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-12-(2-methylprop-1-en-1-yl)-1,2,3,5a,6,11,12,14a-octahydro-5H,14H-pyrrolo[1′′,2′′:4′,5′]pyrazino[1′,2′:1,6]pyrido[3,4-b]indole-5,14-dione
verruculogen = (5R,10S,10aR,14aS,15bS)-10,10a-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-5-(2-methylprop-1-en-1-yl)-1,10,10a,14,14a,15b-hexahydro-12H-3,4-dioxa-5a,11a,15a-triazacycloocta[1,2,3-lm]indeno[5,6-b]fluorene-11,15(2H,13H)-dione
Other name(s): fmtF (gene name); FmtOx1
Systematic name: fumitremorgin B,2-oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase (verruculogen-forming)
Comments: Requires Fe2+ and ascorbate. Found in the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. Both atoms of a dioxygen molecule are incorporated into verruculogen [1,2]. Involved in the biosynthetic pathways of several indole alkaloids such as fumitremorgin A.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB
References:
1.  Steffan, N., Grundmann, A., Afiyatullov, S., Ruan, H. and Li, S.M. FtmOx1, a non-heme Fe(II) and α-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase, catalyses the endoperoxide formation of verruculogen in Aspergillus fumigatus. Org. Biomol. Chem. 7 (2009) 4082–4087. [DOI] [PMID: 19763315]
2.  Kato, N., Suzuki, H., Takagi, H., Uramoto, M., Takahashi, S. and Osada, H. Gene disruption and biochemical characterization of verruculogen synthase of Aspergillus fumigatus. ChemBioChem 12 (2011) 711–714. [DOI] [PMID: 21404415]
[EC 1.14.11.38 created 2013]
 
 
EC 1.14.13.176      
Transferred entry: tryprostatin B 6-hydroxylase. Now EC 1.14.14.118, tryprostatin B 6-hydroxylase
[EC 1.14.13.176 created 2013, deleted 2018]
 
 
EC 1.14.13.177      
Transferred entry: fumitremorgin C monooxygenase. Now EC 1.14.14.119, fumitremorgin C monooxygenase
[EC 1.14.13.177 created 2013, deleted 2018]
 
 
EC 1.14.14.118     
Accepted name: tryprostatin B 6-hydroxylase
Reaction: tryprostatin B + [reduced NADPH—hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = 6-hydroxytryprostatin B + [oxidized NADPH—hemoprotein reductase] + H2O
Glossary: tryprostatin B = (3S,8aS)-3-{[2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-1H-indol-3-yl]methyl}hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione
6-hydroxytryprostatin B = (3S,8aS)-3-{[6-hydroxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-1H-indol-3-yl]methyl}hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione
Other name(s): ftmC (gene name)
Systematic name: tryprostatin B,[reduced NADPH—hemoprotein reductase]:oxygen oxidoreductase (6-hydroxytryprostatin B-forming)
Comments: A cytochrome P-450 (heme-thiolate) protein. Involved in the biosynthetic pathways of several indole alkaloids such as tryprostatins, fumitremorgins and verruculogen.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc
References:
1.  Kato, N., Suzuki, H., Takagi, H., Asami, Y., Kakeya, H., Uramoto, M., Usui, T., Takahashi, S., Sugimoto, Y. and Osada, H. Identification of cytochrome P450s required for fumitremorgin biosynthesis in Aspergillus fumigatus. ChemBioChem 10 (2009) 920–928. [DOI] [PMID: 19226505]
[EC 1.14.14.118 created 2013 as EC 1.14.13.176, transferred 2018 to EC 1.14.14.118]
 
 
EC 1.14.14.119     
Accepted name: fumitremorgin C monooxygenase
Reaction: fumitremorgin C + 2 [reduced NADPH—hemoprotein reductase] + 2 O2 = 12α,13α-dihydroxyfumitremorgin C + 2 [oxidized NADPH—hemoprotein reductase] + 2 H2O
For diagram of fumitremorgin alkaloid biosynthesis (part 2), click here
Glossary: fumitremorgin C = (5aS,12S,14aS)-9-methoxy-12-(2-methylprop-1-en-1-yl)-1,2,3,5a,6,11,12,14a-octahydro-5H,14H-pyrrolo[1′′,2′′:4′,5′]pyrazino[1′,2′:1,6]pyrido[3,4-b]indole-5,14-dione
12α,13α-dihydroxyfumitremorgin = (5aR,6S,12S,14aS)-5a,6-dihydroxy-9-methoxy-12-(2-methylprop-1-en-1-yl)-1,2,3,5a,6,11,12,14a-octahydro-5H,14H-pyrrolo[1′′,2′′:4′,5′]pyrazino[1′,2′:1,6]pyrido[3,4-b]indole-5,14-dione
Other name(s): ftmG (gene name)
Systematic name: fumitremorgin C,[reduced NADPH—hemoprotein reductase]:oxygen oxidoreductase (12α,13α-dihydroxyfumitremorgin C-forming)
Comments: A cytochrome P-450 (heme-thiolate) protein. Involved in the biosynthetic pathway of the indole alkaloid verruculogen.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc
References:
1.  Kato, N., Suzuki, H., Takagi, H., Asami, Y., Kakeya, H., Uramoto, M., Usui, T., Takahashi, S., Sugimoto, Y. and Osada, H. Identification of cytochrome P450s required for fumitremorgin biosynthesis in Aspergillus fumigatus. ChemBioChem 10 (2009) 920–928. [DOI] [PMID: 19226505]
[EC 1.14.14.119 created 2013 as EC 1.14.13.177, transferred 2018 to EC 1.14.14.119]
 
 
EC 1.14.19.71     
Accepted name: fumitremorgin C synthase
Reaction: tryprostatin A + [reduced NADPH—hemoprotein reductase] + O2 = fumitremorgin C + [oxidized NADPH—hemoprotein reductase] + 2 H2O
For diagram of fumitremorgin alkaloid biosynthesis (part 1), click here
Glossary: tryprostatin A = (3S,8aS)-3-{[6-methoxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-1H-indol-3-yl]methyl}hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione
fumitremorgin C = (5aS,12S,14aS)-9-methoxy-12-(2-methylprop-1-en-1-yl)-1,2,3,5a,6,11,12,14a-octahydro-5H,14H-pyrrolo[1′′,2′′:4′,5′]pyrazino[1′,2′:1,6]pyrido[3,4-b]indole-5,14-dione
Other name(s): ftmE (gene name)
Systematic name: tryprostatin A,[reduced NADPH—hemoprotein reductase]:oxygen oxidoreductase
Comments: A cytochrome P-450 (heme-thiolate) protein. The protein from the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus also has activity with tryprostatin B forming demethoxyfumitremorgin C. Involved in the biosynthetic pathways of several indole alkaloids such as fumitremorgins and verruculogen.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc
References:
1.  Kato, N., Suzuki, H., Takagi, H., Asami, Y., Kakeya, H., Uramoto, M., Usui, T., Takahashi, S., Sugimoto, Y. and Osada, H. Identification of cytochrome P450s required for fumitremorgin biosynthesis in Aspergillus fumigatus. ChemBioChem 10 (2009) 920–928. [DOI] [PMID: 19226505]
[EC 1.14.19.71 created 2013 as EC 1.14.21.10, transferred 2018 to EC 1.14.19.71]
 
 
EC 1.14.21.10      
Transferred entry: fumitremorgin C synthase. Now EC 1.14.19.71, fumitremorgin C synthase
[EC 1.14.21.10 created 2013, deleted 2018]
 
 
EC 2.1.1.293     
Accepted name: 6-hydroxytryprostatin B O-methyltransferase
Reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + 6-hydroxytryprostatin B = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + tryprostatin A
For diagram of fumitremorgin alkaloid biosynthesis (part 1), click here
Glossary: 6-hydroxytryprostatin B = (3S,8aS)-3-{[6-hydroxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-1H-indol-3-yl]methyl}hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione
tryprostatin A = (3S,8aS)-3-{[6-methoxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-1H-indol-3-yl]methyl}hexahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione
Other name(s): ftmD (gene name)
Systematic name: S-adenosyl-L-methionine:6-hydroxytryprostatin B O-methyltransferase
Comments: Involved in the biosynthetic pathways of several indole alkaloids such as tryprostatins, fumitremorgins and verruculogen.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc
References:
1.  Kato, N., Suzuki, H., Okumura, H., Takahashi, S. and Osada, H. A point mutation in ftmD blocks the fumitremorgin biosynthetic pathway in Aspergillus fumigatus strain Af293. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 77 (2013) 1061–1067. [DOI] [PMID: 23649274]
[EC 2.1.1.293 created 2013]
 
 
EC 2.5.1.107     
Accepted name: verruculogen prenyltransferase
Reaction: prenyl diphosphate + verruculogen = diphosphate + fumitremorgin A
For diagram of fumitremorgin alkaloid biosynthesis (part 2), click here
Glossary: prenyl diphosphate = dimethylallyl diphosphate
verruculogen = (5R,10S,10aR,14aS,15bS)-10,10a-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-5-(2-methylprop-1-en-1-yl)-1,10,10a,14,14a,15b-hexahydro-12H-3,4-dioxa-5a,11a,15a-triazacycloocta[1,2,3-lm]indeno[5,6-b]fluorene-11,15(2H,13H)-dione
fumitremorgin A = (5R,10S,10aR,14aS,15bS)-10a-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-10-[(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)oxy]-5-(2-methylprop-1-en-1-yl)-1,10,10a,14,14a,15b-hexahydro-12H-3,4-dioxa-5a,11a,15a-triazacycloocta[1,2,3-lm]indeno[5,6-b]fluorene-11,15(H,13H)-dione
Other name(s): FtmPT3; dimethylallyl-diphosphate:verruculogen dimethylallyl-O-transferase
Systematic name: prenyl-diphosphate:verruculogen dimethylallyl-O-transferase
Comments: Found in a number of fungi. Catalyses the last step in the biosynthetic pathway of the indole alkaloid fumitremorgin A. The enzyme from the fungus Neosartorya fischeri is also active with fumitremorgin B and 12α,13α-dihydroxyfumitremorgin C.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc
References:
1.  Mundt, K., Wollinsky, B., Ruan, H.L., Zhu, T. and Li, S.M. Identification of the verruculogen prenyltransferase FtmPT3 by a combination of chemical, bioinformatic and biochemical approaches. ChemBioChem 13 (2012) 2583–2592. [DOI] [PMID: 23109474]
[EC 2.5.1.107 created 2013]
 
 
EC 2.5.1.110     
Accepted name: 12α,13α-dihydroxyfumitremorgin C prenyltransferase
Reaction: prenyl diphosphate + 12α,13α-dihydroxyfumitremorgin C = diphosphate + fumitremorgin B
For diagram of fumitremorgin alkaloid biosynthesis (part 2), click here
Glossary: 12α,13α-dihydroxyfumitremorgin = (5aR,6S,12S,14aS)-5a,6-dihydroxy-9-methoxy-12-(2-methylprop-1-en-1-yl)-1,2,3,5a,6,11,12,14a-octahydro-5H,14H-pyrrolo[1′′,2′′:4′,5′]pyrazino[1′,2′:1,6]pyrido[3,4-b]indole-5,14-dione
fumitremorgin B = (5aR,6S,12S,14aS)-5a,6-dihydroxy-9-methoxy-11-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)-12-(2-methylprop-1-en-1-yl)-1,2,3,5a,6,11,12,14a-octahydro-5H,14H-pyrrolo[1′′,2′′:4′,5′]pyrazino[1′,2′:1,6]pyrido[3,4-b]indole-5,14-dione
Other name(s): ftmH (gene name); FtmPT2; dimethylallyl-diphosphate:12α,13α-dihydroxyfumitremorgin C dimethylallyl-N-1-transferase
Systematic name: prenyl-diphosphate:12α,13α-dihydroxyfumitremorgin C prenyl-N-1-transferase
Comments: The enzyme from the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus also shows some activity with fumitremorgin C. Involved in the biosynthetic pathways of several indole alkaloids such as fumitremorgins and verruculogen.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc
References:
1.  Grundmann, A., Kuznetsova, T., Afiyatullov, S.Sh and Li, S.M. FtmPT2, an N-prenyltransferase from Aspergillus fumigatus, catalyses the last step in the biosynthesis of fumitremorgin B. ChemBioChem 9 (2008) 2059–2063. [DOI] [PMID: 18683158]
[EC 2.5.1.110 created 2013]
 
 


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