The Enzyme Database

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EC 1.1.1.188     
Accepted name: prostaglandin-F synthase
Reaction: (5Z,13E)-(15S)-9α,11α,15-trihydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate + NADP+ = (5Z,13E)-(15S)-9α,15-dihydroxy-11-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoate + NADPH + H+
Other name(s): prostaglandin-D2 11-reductase; reductase, 15-hydroxy-11-oxoprostaglandin; PGD2 11-ketoreductase; PGF2α synthetase; prostaglandin 11-ketoreductase; prostaglandin D2-ketoreductase; prostaglandin F synthase; prostaglandin F synthetase; synthetase, prostaglandin F2α; PGF synthetase; NADPH-dependent prostaglandin D2 11-keto reductase; prostaglandin 11-keto reductase
Systematic name: (5Z,13E)-(15S)-9α,11α,15-trihydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate:NADP+ 11-oxidoreductase
Comments: Reduces prostaglandin D2 and prostaglandin H2 to prostaglandin F2; prostaglandin D2 is not an intermediate in the reduction of prostaglandin H2. Also catalyses the reduction of a number of carbonyl compounds, such as 9,10-phenanthroquinone and 4-nitroacetophenone.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 55976-95-9
References:
1.  Reingold, D.F., Kawasaki, A. and Needleman, P. A novel prostaglandin 11-keto reductase found in rabbit liver. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 659 (1981) 179–188. [DOI] [PMID: 7248318]
2.  Watanabe, K., Shimizu, T. and Hayaishi, O. Enzymatic conversion of prostaglandin-D2 to prostaglandin-F2α in the rat lung. Biochem. Int. 2 (1981) 603–610.
3.  Watanabe, K., Yoshida, R., Shimizu, T. and Hayaishi, O. Enzymatic formation of prostaglandin F2α from prostaglandin H2 and D2. Purification and properties of prostaglandin F synthetase from bovine lung. J. Biol. Chem. 260 (1985) 7035–7041. [PMID: 3858278]
4.  Wong, P.Y.-K. Purification and partial characterization of prostaglandin D2 11-keto reductase in rabbit liver. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 659 (1981) 169–178. [DOI] [PMID: 7248317]
5.  Wong, P.Y.-K. Purification of PGD2 11-ketoreductase from rabbit liver. Methods Enzymol. 86 (1982) 117–125. [PMID: 7132748]
[EC 1.1.1.188 created 1984, modified 1989, modified 1990]
 
 
EC 1.1.1.189     
Accepted name: prostaglandin-E2 9-reductase
Reaction: (5Z,13E)-(15S)-9α,11α,15-trihydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate + NADP+ = (5Z,13E)-(15S)-11α,15-dihydroxy-9-oxoprosta-5,13-dienoate + NADPH + H+
Other name(s): PGE2-9-OR; reductase, 15-hydroxy-9-oxoprostaglandin; 9-keto-prostaglandin E2 reductase; 9-ketoprostaglandin reductase; PGE-9-ketoreductase; PGE2 9-oxoreductase; PGE2-9-ketoreductase; prostaglandin 9-ketoreductase; prostaglandin E 9-ketoreductase; prostaglandin E2-9-oxoreductase
Systematic name: (5Z,13E)-(15S)-9α,11α,15-trihydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate:NADP+ 9-oxidoreductase
Comments: Reduces prostaglandin E2 to prostaglandin F2α. A number of other 9-oxo- and 15-oxo-prostaglandin derivatives can also be reduced to the corresponding hydroxy compounds. May be identical with EC 1.1.1.197 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NADP+).
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB, CAS registry number: 42613-35-4
References:
1.  Lee, S.-C. and Levine, L. Purification and regulatory properties of chicken heart prostaglandin E 9-ketoreductase. J. Biol. Chem. 250 (1975) 4549–4555. [PMID: 166995]
2.  Schlegel, W., Krüger, S. and Korte, K. Purification of prostaglandin E2 9-oxoreductase from human decidua vera. FEBS Lett. 171 (1984) 141–144. [DOI] [PMID: 6586494]
3.  Tai, H.-H. and Yuan, B. Purification and assay of 9-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase from rat kidney. Methods Enzymol. 86 (1982) 113–117. [PMID: 7132747]
4.  Watkins, J.D. and Jarabak, J. The effect of NaCl intake on 9-ketoprostaglandin reductase activity in the rabbit kidney. Prostaglandins 30 (1985) 335–349. [DOI] [PMID: 3901124]
[EC 1.1.1.189 created 1984, modified 1989]
 
 
EC 1.11.1.20     
Accepted name: prostamide/prostaglandin F2α synthase
Reaction: thioredoxin + (5Z,9α,11α,13E,15S)-9,11-epidioxy-15-hydroxy-prosta-5,13-dienoate = thioredoxin disulfide + (5Z,9α,11α,13E,15S)-9,11,15-trihydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate
Glossary: prostamide H2 = (5Z)-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-7-{(1R,4S,5R,6R)-6-[(1E,3S)-3-hydroxyoct-1-en-1-yl]-2,3-dioxabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-yl}hept-5-enamide
prostamide F2α = (5Z,9α,11α,13E,15S)-9,11,15-trihydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)prosta-5,13-dien-1-amide
prostaglandin H2 = (5Z,9α,11α,13E,15S)-9,11-epidioxy-15-hydroxy-prosta-5,13-dienoate
prostaglandin F2α = (5Z,9α,11α,13E,15S)-9,11,15-trihydroxyprosta-5,13-dienoate
Other name(s): prostamide/PGF synthase; prostamide F synthase; prostamide/prostaglandin F synthase; tPGF synthase
Systematic name: thioredoxin:(5Z,9α,11α,13E,15S)-9,11-epidioxy-15-hydroxy-prosta-5,13-dienoate oxidoreductase
Comments: The enzyme contains a thioredoxin-type disulfide as a catalytic group. Prostamide H2 and prostaglandin H2 are the best substrates; the latter is converted to prostaglandin F2α. The enzyme also reduces tert-butyl hydroperoxide, cumene hydroperoxide and H2O2, but not prostaglandin D2 or prostaglandin E2.
Links to other databases: BRENDA, EXPASY, KEGG, MetaCyc
References:
1.  Moriuchi, H., Koda, N., Okuda-Ashitaka, E., Daiyasu, H., Ogasawara, K., Toh, H., Ito, S., Woodward, D.F. and Watanabe, K. Molecular characterization of a novel type of prostamide/prostaglandin F synthase, belonging to the thioredoxin-like superfamily. J. Biol. Chem. 283 (2008) 792–801. [DOI] [PMID: 18006499]
2.  Yoshikawa, K., Takei, S., Hasegawa-Ishii, S., Chiba, Y., Furukawa, A., Kawamura, N., Hosokawa, M., Woodward, D.F., Watanabe, K. and Shimada, A. Preferential localization of prostamide/prostaglandin F synthase in myelin sheaths of the central nervous system. Brain Res. 1367 (2011) 22–32. [DOI] [PMID: 20950588]
[EC 1.11.1.20 created 2011]
 
 


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