ExplorEnz: EC 4.2.1.120

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4.2.1.120

Accepted name:

4-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA dehydratase

Reaction:

4-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA = (E)-but-2-enoyl-CoA + H₂O

For diagram of the 3-hydroxypropanoate/4-hydroxybutanoate cycle and dicarboxylate/4-hydroxybutanoate cycle in archaea, click here

Glossary:

4-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA = 4-hydroxybutyryl-CoA
(E)-but-2-enoyl-CoA = crotonyl-CoA

Systematic name:

4-hydroxybutanoyl-CoA hydro-lyase

Comments:

Contains FAD and a [4Fe-4S] iron-sulfur cluster. The enzyme has been characterized from several microorganisms, including Clostridium kluyveri, where it participates in succinate fermentation [1,2], Clostridium aminobutyricum, where it participates in 4-aminobutyrate degradation [3,4], and Metallosphaera sedula, where it participates in the 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate cycle, an autotrophic CO₂ fixation pathway found in some thermoacidophilic archaea [5].

Links to other databases:

BRENDA, EXPASY, Gene, KEGG, MetaCyc, PDB

References:

1.	Bartsch, R.G. and Barker, H.A. A vinylacetyl isomerase from Clostridium kluyveri. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 92 (1961) 122–132. [DOI] [PMID: 13687513]
2.	Scherf, U., Sohling, B., Gottschalk, G., Linder, D. and Buckel, W. Succinate-ethanol fermentation in Clostridium kluyveri: purification and characterisation of 4-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydratase/vinylacetyl-CoA Δ³-Δ²-isomerase. Arch. Microbiol. 161 (1994) 239–245. [PMID: 8161284]
3.	Scherf, U. and Buckel, W. Purification and properties of an iron-sulfur and FAD-containing 4-hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydratase/vinylacetyl-CoA Δ³-Δ²-isomerase from Clostridium aminobutyricum. Eur. J. Biochem. 215 (1993) 421–429. [DOI] [PMID: 8344309]
4.	Muh, U., Cinkaya, I., Albracht, S.P. and Buckel, W. 4-Hydroxybutyryl-CoA dehydratase from Clostridium aminobutyricum: characterization of FAD and iron-sulfur clusters involved in an overall non-redox reaction. Biochemistry 35 (1996) 11710–11718. [DOI] [PMID: 8794752]
5.	Berg, I.A., Kockelkorn, D., Buckel, W. and Fuchs, G. A 3-hydroxypropionate/4-hydroxybutyrate autotrophic carbon dioxide assimilation pathway in Archaea. Science 318 (2007) 1782–1786. [DOI] [PMID: 18079405]

[EC 4.2.1.120 created 2009]